A true test of WCAG 2.1.2 No Keyboard Trap goes beyond compliance. The key is blending automation, AI, and manual testing to ensure every user can navigate freely.
Read more about Testing Methods: No Keyboard TrapTesting Methods: No Keyboard Trap
Dennis Deacon
Testing Methods: Keyboard
Achieving true compliance with WCAG 2.1.1 Keyboard requires more than one testing method. A hybrid approach blends automation, AI, and manual testing to balance speed, intelligence, and depth, ensuring both compliance and usability.
Read more about Testing Methods: KeyboardTesting Methods: Content on Hover or Focus
Testing methods for WCAG 1.4.13 Content on Hover or Focus, which ensures that when content appears on hover or keyboard focus and then disappears, it is either dismissible, hoverable and persistent.
Read more about Testing Methods: Content on Hover or FocusTesting Methods: Text Spacing
WCAG 1.4.12 Text Spacing testing ensures content adapts to user-defined text settings for improved readability.
Read more about Testing Methods: Text SpacingDigital Accessibility and Mufflers
A loud muffler and an inaccessible chatbot share one truth: you chose it, you own it. Accessibility is your responsibility, even with third-party tools.
Read more about Digital Accessibility and MufflersTesting Methods: Non-text Contrast
Testing methods for WCAG 1.4.11 Non-text Contrast, which ensures that visual elements must have a contrast ratio of at least 3:1 against adjacent colors in cases of UI components and informative graphics.
Read more about Testing Methods: Non-text ContrastARIA and Real World Dangers
Learn ARIA deeply before deploying it broadly. HTML should always be the first tool of choice. Use ARIA only when necessary, and only with precision. Done right, ARIA enhances accessibility. Done wrong, it undermines it.
Read more about ARIA and Real World DangersBaby Steps Accessibility – PDFs
Most PDFs aren’t accessible, and fixing them isn’t just a technical task, it’s a strategy. From quick checks to large-scale remediation, learn how to prioritize, prepare, and build sustainable practices that make your documents truly inclusive.
Read more about Baby Steps Accessibility – PDFsTesting Methods: Reflow
Reflow is one of the most practical accessibility requirements, ensuring content adapts without loss of information or function, even at 400% zoom or on small mobile screens. I break down how automated tools, AI-driven approaches, and manual testing each play a role in catching reflow issues, and why a blended approach is the most effective path to real accessibility.
Read more about Testing Methods: ReflowDigital Accessibility is a Journey, Not a Destination
Digital accessibility is a journey, not a destination, one where regular adjustments, listening to user feedback, and embracing change are more valuable than claiming to have “arrived.” True accessibility requires ongoing effort, not a one-time fix, and benefits all users by creating more inclusive, flexible digital spaces.
Read more about Digital Accessibility is a Journey, Not a DestinationTesting Methods: Images of Text (No Exception)
Testing methods for WCAG 1.4.9 Images of Text (No Exception) ensures that text must be displayed using real text, not images of text, so it can be resized, styled, and read by assistive technologies.
Read more about Testing Methods: Images of Text (No Exception)Baby Steps Accessibility – Page Titles
Ever tried navigating 20 open tabs with a screen reader? Page titles aren’t just for SEO, they’re lifelines for accessibility. A missing, vague, or duplicated title can leave users lost, frustrated, or completely disoriented. Let’s make the web more navigable for everyone, one title at a time.
Read more about Baby Steps Accessibility – Page TitlesDigital Accessibility: Start Now, Don’t Wait
Waiting for executive sign-off or a vendor budget only delays the immense benefits of digital accessibility. By taking immediate, low-cost actions, like alt text, semantic markup, and color contrast, you demonstrate measurable impact.
Read more about Digital Accessibility: Start Now, Don’t WaitTesting Methods: Visual Presentation
WCAG 1.4.8 Visual Presentation ensures that users can control and adjust the visual presentation of text to improve readability and accessibility, especially for those with visual or cognitive disabilities.
Read more about Testing Methods: Visual PresentationBaby Steps Accessibility – Color Contrast of Text
Low contrast text represents 79.1% of all errors. Find out how to make a dent on these issues.
Read more about Baby Steps Accessibility – Color Contrast of TextTesting Methods: Low or No Background Audio
WCAG 1.4.7 Low or No Background Audio requires speech to be easily heard without distracting background sounds, unless specific exceptions apply. Here’s how to test it using automated, AI-based, and manual methods.
Read more about Testing Methods: Low or No Background AudioIntroducing Baby Steps Accessibility
I am starting a series of articles, titled “Baby Steps Accessibility;” laser-focused on a particular task that will improve your digital product’s level of accessibility. The audience for these articles is everyone, however specifically those people new to digital accessibility, who haven’t a clue where to begin. We all have to start somewhere. What’s most important is to just start.
Read more about Introducing Baby Steps AccessibilityTesting Methods: Contrast (Enhanced)
WCAG 1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced) ensures that text and images of text have an increased contrast ratio. Learn the pros and cons of the different testing methods; automated, AI-based and manual.
Read more about Testing Methods: Contrast (Enhanced)Testing Methods: Images of Text
WCAG 1.4.5 Images of Text states that text should be displayed using actual text, not images of text, so it can be resized, styled, and interpreted by assistive technologies. This article highlights the pros and cons to using automated, AI-based and manual based testing.
Read more about Testing Methods: Images of TextTesting Methods: Resize Text
Testing WCAG 1.4.4 Resize Text (Level AA) requires that users can enlarge text up to 200% without losing content or functionality. Automated tools flag code issues, AI highlights visual layout problems, and manual testing confirms usability, ensuring text remains readable, functional, and scroll-free at larger sizes.
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